#Silence Hate: Study on Hate Speech Online in Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany and Italy

This report is the synthesis of four studies conducted in Belgium (the French-speaking part of the country), Czech Republic, Germany and Italy, and aims at comparing the various realities pinpointing differences and commonalities, with the aim of learning something from each national experience. In order to do this, the study will consider the national contexts and the case studies analysed by the national research teams. A special at- tention is given to the actions undertaken to encourage a positive and effective contrast to racist and xenopho- bic discourse on the web and to the opinions and suggestions given by social media managers, journalists, media editors, media activists and scholars.Although the national research teams have used the same research design trying to answer to the same research questions, they did not deal at the same length with all the features under examination. Therefore, what will be done here is less a strict comparison and more the composition of a jigsaw puzzle, to which every country has given a more relevant contribution here and a less important one there.